基于CFPS数据我国居民收入极化的测度与分解研究

Study on the Measurement and Decomposition of Income Polarization of Chinese Residents Based on CFPS Data

基于我国家庭追踪调查数据中2010—2016年的微观数据,利用核密度函数曲线和洛伦兹曲线记录我国居民收入分布的动态变化过程,并测算中等收入群体的比重变化。结果表明,我国居民收入逐渐向两极聚集分化。进而用极化指数对我国居民的收入极化程度测度、分析,认为收入极化现象日趋严重。在对极化指数按收入来源分解后发现:极化结构效应对极化起促增作用,极化集中效应则对极化起促减作用;工资性收入在极化变动中起主导作用,并对极化有促减作用,转移性收入则相反。因此,我国后续应侧重于统筹城乡发展速度,合理分配转移支出,以达到缩小收入差距的目的。

Based on the micro data in the Chinese household tracking survey data from 2010 to 2016,this paper uses the nuclear density function curve and the Lorenz curve to describe the dynamic change process of the income distribution of Chinese residents,and at the same time measures the change of the proportion of middle-income groups.It shows that the income of Chinese residents is gradually polarized.Using the polarization index to measure and analyze the income polarization of Chinese residents,,and indicates that income polarization is becoming more and more serious.By decomposing the polarization index according to the source of income,it is found that the structural effect of polarization plays a role in promoting polarization,and the concentrated effect of polarization plays a role in promoting the decline of polarization.The wage income plays a leading role in the change of polarization,which leads to polarization deduce,and the transfer income is the opposite.Therefore,China needs to focus on coordinating urban and rural development and reasonably distributing the transfer expenditure,so as to narrow the income gap.