从1948年旅大货币改革看中共城市经济管理能力

Viewing the Communist Party of China’s Management Ability of Urban Economy from the Currency Reform of Lv Da in 1948

自日本投降后,旅大经过三年多的发展,虽然渡过了经济恢复期,但银行力量薄弱,资金短缺,无力支撑政府大规模经济建设,因此中苏双方决定实施货币改革以改变这种局面。而此时,辽沈战役刚结束,具备了进行币制改革的客观环境和有利时机。币改伊始,中共旅大党政组织迅速高效地完成组织、宣传动员等准备工作。在繁杂的兑换过程中,妥善地处理群众关心的债务和物价问题,以保证兑换工作顺利完成。"关东币"的发行,既增强了公署的经济力量,又冲破了苏军对旅大的金融垄断,初步展现了中共早期高效的城市经济管理能力及强大的经济控制力。

Three years after the surrender of Japan,Lv Da pulled through the period of economic recovery,but the problems such as the vulnerability of banks and the shortage of funds,still existed,which made it difficult to support the large-scale economic construction of the municipal government.As a result,China and the Soviet Union agreed on implementing currency reform so as to change the situation.By this time,the Liaoshen Campaign had just been over,which provided the favorable opportunity and environment for the reform of currency.In the initial stage of currency reform,the local committee of the CPC in Lv Da efficiently finished the preparatory work of organizing and publicizing the reform.During the complex currency exchange,the local committee of the CPC and the municipal government well handled issues of public concern,such as liabilities and price control,so as to ensure the smooth completion of the exchange work.The issue of Guandong currency not only reinforced the economic power of the municipal government,but also broke the financial monopoly of the Soviet Army on Lv Da,and preliminarily displayed the CPC’s efficient management capability and strong controlling ability of early urban economy.