中国生猪养殖环境效率的时空演进与收敛性分析

Spatial-temporal evolution and convergence analysis of environmental efficiency of pig breeding in China

为探究生猪养殖环境效率在未来的发展趋势,本研究利用2004—2017年生猪养殖的省级宏观数据,基于随机前沿生产函数模型测度了我国不同规模生猪养殖的环境效率,并对生猪养殖环境效率进行了收敛性分析。结果表明:小规模、中规模、大规模生猪养殖的环境效率均值依次为0.932,0.959和0.936;在时间上,三个规模生猪养殖的环境效率均呈现出了不同程度的增长趋势。在空间上,三个规模生猪养殖的环境效率在不同省份均呈现两极分化的趋势。小规模、中规模、大规模生猪养殖的环境效率同时存在σ收敛、绝对β收敛和条件β收敛,而且人力资本水平、地方财政环境保护支出等变量会显著影响环境效率的收敛性。最后,在研究结论的基础上,提出了促进生猪养殖业可持续发展的相关建议。

In order to explore the development trend of the environment efficiency of pig breeding in the future,the environmental efficiency of pig breeding in different scales in China was measured based on the stochastic frontier production function model by using the provincial macro data of pig breeding from 2004 to 2017,and the convergence of environmental efficiency of pig breeding was analyzed.The results showed that the average environmental efficiency of small-scale,medium-scale,and large-scale pig breeding was 0.932,0.959 and 0.936 respectively,and the environmental efficiency of three scale pig breeding showed an increasing trend in different degrees in terms of time,the environmental efficiency of three scale pig breeding showed a trend of polarization in different provinces in terms of space.The environmental efficiency of small-scale,medium-scale and large-scale pig breeding hasσconvergence,absoluteβconvergence and conditionalβconvergence,moreover,variables such as human capital level and local fiscal environmental protection expenditure can significantly affect the convergence of environmental efficiency.Finally,relevant recommendations were put forward to promote the development of pig breeding towards sustainability based on the research conclusions.