青海省鼠疫的防控策略

Thoughts on plague prevention and control in Qinghai Province in recent years

鼠疫曾给人类带来3次世界性灾难,剥夺了上亿人的生命、是危害人类健康最为严重的烈性传染病之一,因此其防控工作尤为重要。新中国成立后,党和政府大力开展鼠疫防控工作,进行流行病学调查,并制定各项防控措施。虽然全国范围在较短的时间内有效遏制了鼠疫流行的猛烈势头,但在西部地区特别是青海省,人间鼠疫时有发生。为此青海省各级政府及卫生部门,根据鼠疫流行特征制定了适合本地鼠疫的防控模式。本文就“青海模式”的工作机制、调查监测、宣传教育、人员培训、隐患排查等进行介绍,阐述青海省鼠疫防控工作的成效,为中国传染病防控策略发展提出新的思考。

Plague has caused three world-wide disasters to human beings and hundreds of millions of people’s deaths historically.As one of the most serious infectious diseases,the prevention and control of plague in China is particularly important.The prevention and control of plague have been carried out intensively by the government,including promoting epidemiological investigations and formulating various prevention and control measures.Although the disease had been curbed effectively nationwide,the plague epidemic had never been eliminated and still had occurred in western China because of the presence of the host of Yersinia pestis.This paper summarizes the prevention and control mode of plague in Qinghai Province(Qinghai Model),including platform construction,public education,investigation and monitoring,staff training,elimination of hidden dangers,and ecological civilization construction.