医护一体化营养管理对早产儿生长发育的影响

Effects of collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management on growth and development of preterm infants

目的探讨医护一体化营养管理对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法选择2018年2~11月在新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)住院的胎龄≤34周的早产儿32例作为对照组,在早产儿常规护理基础上,按照常规实施营养支持。选择2019年1~10月在NICU住院的胎龄≤34周的早产儿42例作为干预组,实施医护一体化营养管理,根据医护共同制定的早产儿营养支持方案实施营养支持及护理。比较两组早产儿出院时体质量、身长、头围、宫外生长发育迟缓发生率及住院时间。结果干预组早产儿出院时体质量、身长、头围显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),宫外生长发育迟缓发生率及住院时间低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论对胎龄≤34周的早产儿实施医护一体化营养管理能促进早产儿生长发育,但早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓发生率无明显改善。建议在做好营养管理的同时,注重出生后并发症防治和发育支持护理。

Objective To explore the effects of collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management on growth and development of preterm infants.Methods A total of 32 preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks and hospitalized in NICU from February to November 2018 were selected as a control group,who received routine nutrition support based on traditional nursing for preterm infants.Another 42 preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks and hospitalized in NICU from January to October 2019 were regarded as an intervention group,who received collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management,the nutritional support and nursing were implemented according to the nutritional support program formulated by physicians and nurses.The body weight,length,head circumference,incidence of extrauterine growth retardation(EUGR)and length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups at discharge.Results At discharge,the body weight,length and head circumference of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05 for all),and its incidence of EUGR and length of hospitalization were lower than those of the control group,while there were not significant differences(P>0.05 for both).Conclusion Conducting collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management for preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks can promote their growth and development,while the incidence of EUGR can′t be improved significantly.It is suggested that paying attention to postnatal complications prevention and development support as conducting nutrition management for preterm infants.