在线教学的探索与反思(笔谈)

Exploration and Reflectionon Online Teaching

对于在线教学的探索与反思,应该认识到信息科技只是推动教学变革的一个方面,更重要的是关注学生的"在学习、真学习",学习动机是关键,教师要把教材内容变为有趣、有用、有意义的教学内容,提高对学生学习的"粘度".线上和线下教学只是知识呈现的载体不一样,从学生学习的视角说,都需要经历阅读、思考、表达三个基本环节.在线教学要由新技术走向新形态,需要赋予新技术育人功能,聚焦育人方式改革的要求,重建教学价值观、重组教学结构、再造教学程序、重构教学文化,推进"线上线下相结合"的育人体系."居家在线学习"引发对非正式学习环境学习的思考,开发非正式学习环境中的学习资源应指向育人目标、发展核心素养,要坚持优先性、全纳性和科学性原则要求.在线教学的课程与教学设计需要观照和回应疫情的多个侧面以及疫情给学习者带来的影响,同时要采取相应的教学策略来支持、促进学生的学习.后疫情时期,当在线教育模式更多融入线下课程、课堂与教学时,新的混合教育制度需要超越技术的视角,重构制度中的规训与监控机制,以更专业的课程与教学设计给学生和学习赋权.未来中小学线上线下融合的混合教学新常态,需要关注三个核心要素:数字资源、流程再造、组织管理,同时学校与校外机构都将走向线上与线下融合,两者在建设和共享优质教育资源等方面将大有合作的空间.期望复学之后的学校教育能够留住"学为中心"的观念,留住"互联网+"的教学方式,留住学生的疫情记忆,让疫情成为学生成长的资源.

Based on the exploration and reflection ononline teaching,it should be recognized that information technology is only one aspect for promoting teaching reform.While,students’"learning and true learning"should be paid more attention.Learning motivation is the key.Teachers should make the content of the teaching materials interesting,useful and meaningful to increase the"viscosity"of student learning.Online and offline teaching,which are just different carriers of knowledge presentation,all need to go through the three basic links of reading,thinking and expressing,from the perspective of student learning.In order to move from new technology to new form,online teaching needs to be endowed with new technology education function,focus on the requirements of education mode reform,rebuild teaching values,restructure teaching structure,recreate teaching procedures,restructure teaching culture,and promote the combination of online and offline education system."Home-based online learning"triggers thinking about learning in an informal learning environment.The development of learning resources in an informal learning environment should point to the goal of educating people,develop core literacy,and adhere to the principles of priority,inclusiveness and scientificity.The curriculum and instructional design of online teaching need to observe and respond to multiple aspects of the epidemic and the impact of the epidemic on learners.At the same time,corresponding teaching strategies should be adopted to support and promote student learning.In the post-epidemic period,when the online education model is more integrated into offline courses,classrooms and teaching,the new mixed education system needs to go beyond the technical perspective,restructure the training and monitoring mechanism in the system,and design more professional courses and teaching so as to empower students and learning.In the future,the new normal of mixed online and offline teaching in elementary and middle schools should focus on three core elements:digital resources,process reengineering,and organizational management.At the same time,schools and external institutions will go to the same path of online and offline integration,and there will be plenty of room for cooperation in building and sharing high-quality educational resources.It is hoped that the school education after the resumption of school will retain the concept of"learning as the center",retain the"Internet Plus"teaching method,retain the memory of the epidemic of the students,and make the epidemic become a resource for students’growth.