免疫佐剂在肿瘤免疫疗法中的应用进展

Application of Adjuvant in Cancer Immunotherapy

免疫疗法是预防和治疗疾病的有效手段之一。近年来,肿瘤免疫疗法已成为一种新型治疗方法,相关肿瘤疫苗已在多种肿瘤的治疗中被证明有效。然而,在肿瘤疫苗的设计中,肿瘤抗原免疫原性弱、应答率低等问题是目前面对的一大挑战,佐剂的加入为问题的解决提供了一种新的方法和思路。免疫佐剂在提高肿瘤抗原免疫原性、激活机体适应性免疫应答等方面起着十分重要的作用。为了解近几年免疫佐剂的发展及其研究现状,针对目前常用的抗肿瘤佐剂进行综述,并总结了其对免疫系统的作用机制,为后续的疫苗设计策略提供帮助。

Immunotherapy is one of the effective methods to prevent and treat diseases.In recent years,tumor immunotherapy has become a new treatment method and related anti-tumor vaccines have been proved to be effective in the treatment of a variety of tumors.However,in the design of tumor vaccine,the problems of weak immunogenicity and low response rate of tumor antigens are a major challenge.The addition of adjuvants provides a new way to solve the problem.Immune adjuvants play an important role in improving the immunogenicity of tumor antigens and activating adaptive immune response.In order to understand the development and research status of immune adjuvants in recent years,the adjuvants commonly used in tumor vaccine were reviewed,and the mechanism of adjuvant on immune system was summarized,which provided help for vaccine design strategy in future.