脊髓损伤恒河猴下肢残留跨步能力的评估

Evaluation of Residual Stepping Ability in Monkeys with Spinal Cord Injury

目的观察评估脊髓损伤后恒河猴的下肢残留跨步能力。方法成年雌性恒河猴4只,胸椎T7-9右半侧切除脊髓组织1 cm。分别在脊髓损伤前、脊髓损伤后6周和12周,采用VICON系统进行双下肢步态测试,获取动物在跑步机上连续跨步中的双下肢步态周期时长,步长、步高、膝/踝关节角度幅值以及联动参数比值,并量化分析。结果脊髓损伤后,恒河猴双下肢的协调性破坏,右下肢明显拖拽;左下肢步态周期时长显著增加(P<0.001),膝/踝关节角度屈曲/伸展的幅值均显著增大(P<0.001)。联动参数比值在脊髓损伤前后均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。左下肢步态周期时长与步长(r=0.838,P=0.001)、步高(r=0.726,P=0.007)和踝关节角度变化幅值(r=0.766,P=0.004)均相关,踝关节角度变化幅值与步长呈正相关(r=0.627,P=0.029)。结论脊髓损伤后恒河猴健侧肢体步态模式发生改变。健侧下肢代偿性调整运动策略,以适应患侧下肢功能的缺失。

Objective To evaluate the residual stepping ability in monkeys with spinal cord injury longitudinally.Methods Four adult female monkeys were studied.Right hemisection of 10 mm spinal cord tissue was performed at the T7-9 segment.Gait tests of bipedal locomotion were performed before,and six weeks and twelve weeks after injury by VICON system.Gait cycle duration,amplitude of knee and ankle angles,and ratio of united parameters were obtained from successive stepping and were quantitative analyzed.Results The coordination of bilateral hindlimbs was destroyed after spinal cord injury,and the right hindlimb showed obviously dragging.The gait cycle duration of the left hindlimb increased significantly(P<0.001),and the amplitudes of knee and ankle angle significantly increased(P<0.001)after spinal cord injury.The ratio of united parameters was not statistically different among all the time points(P>0.05).The gait cycle duration of the left hindlimb was correlated with step length(r=0.838,P=0.001),step height(r=0.726,P=0.007)and amplitude of ankle angle(r=0.766,P=0.004),and the amplitude of ankle angle was correlated with step length(r=0.627,P=0.029).Conclusion The gait pattern of monkey with spinal cord injury has been changed.The gait strategy of the uninjured side was adjusted compensatively after spinal cord injury to adapt the functional impairment of contralateral hindlimb.