全国绿色矿山名录分析与政策建议

Analysis and suggestions on the national directory of green mines

2019年全国绿色矿山名录的公布,标志着我国绿色矿山建设迈入新征程。本文从所在区域、矿种、规模、开采方式及经济类型5个方面,分析了纳入全国绿色矿山名录的953家矿山的分布特征,梳理了绿色矿山遴选过程中的评价指标体系应用和第三方评估情况。结果表明:从区域上看,西部地区是绿色矿山建设的薄弱地区;从矿种上看,非金属矿绿色矿山建设相对滞后;从规模上看,小型矿山绿色矿山占比小,建设难度大;2019年绿色矿山遴选第三方评估采用的评价指标体系和达标分值未统一,评估机构中地质队伍类占比高。最后,在总结分析基础上,从深化绿色矿山概念内涵理解以及定位把握、优化评价指标体系、完善申报遴选流程和第三方评估管理、深化绿色矿山建设理论和技术方法研究4个方面,提出相关意见建议,为今后进一步完善绿色矿山学术研究体系和工作管理体系提供参考。

The release of the national directory of green mines in 2019 shows that the green mines construction in China has entered a new stage.In this paper,from five respects including the areas,the minerals,the scales,the exploitation ways and economic categories,the distributions of 953 green mines in the national directory were analyzed.Moreover,in terms of the evaluation index systems and institution categories,the characteristics of third-party evaluation during green mine selection were discussed.The results showed that:in the regional,the western region was the weak;in the mineral,the non-metallic mines lagged behind;on the scale,the small mine was the difficulty;the evaluation index system used for thirdparty evaluation were not unified,and the assessment organization is mainly composed of geological teams.On the basis above,it was suggested to promote the green mine construction based on four aspects including defining the connotation,optimizing the system of evaluation indicator,perfecting the processes for the declaration and selection and the third-party evaluation management,and enhancing the theory and technical methods for the green mine construction.It provided the references for the improvements of the academic research and work management system for green mines construction in China.