重叠矿产资源权利配置的规则设计

On the rules system of rights allocation related to overlapping mineral resources

矿业权重叠是矿产资源重叠的自然现象与权利配置共同作用的结果,其隐含着权利的共时性要求。为了避免不同矿业权人之间因权利冲突减损安全和效率价值,需要完善或者构建重叠矿业权的设立规则、行使规则和处置规则。设立规则包括:基于物权排他性的权利设置规则、矿业权重叠预警和行政机关自由裁量规则、一并申请规则、在先权利人优先申请规则、在先矿业权人同意或申请人承诺前置规则。行使规则包括:矿业权设立行为与行政许可行为相区分规则、相邻关系规则、资料与信息共享规则、在先权利保护规则、战略性稀缺资源矿业权优先规则。处置规则包括:意定主义路径的处置规则和法定主义路径的处置规则。

Mining rights overlapping is the results of the interaction of rights allocation and natural phenomena which is the mineral resources overlapping,furthmore it implicates the requirement of synchronism of rights.We need to improve or construct the system of rules about mining rights overlapping which includes establishment rules,exercising rules and disposal rules.Establishment rules include rights allocation rules based on exclusiveness,pre-warning and administrative discretion rules,joint application rules,prior application rules and pre-consent or commitment rules.Exercising rules include distinguishing rules,adjacent relations rules,sharing materials and information rules,protecting the prior rights rules,priority protection rules for strategic scarce resources.Disposal rules include the rules which are separately based on autonomy of will and legal provision.