天长市高邮湖流域水环境问题及治理对策

Water environment problems and countermeasures of Gaoyou Lake basin in Tianchang City

高邮湖属于淮河流域浅水型湖泊,为淮河入长江重要组成部分,是全国第六大淡水湖。根据高邮湖水质监测数据、现场调研勘察情况,天长市高邮湖面临着水质逐年恶化、支流水质不达标、湖滨生态带萎缩、养殖污染问题突出、农村缺乏污水处理设施、城镇地区污水处理不足等突出水环境问题。以解决问题为主导、水质达标为目标,实施分流域、分期系统治理的思路,近期对高邮湖流域污染严重的铜龙河、杨村河、王桥河三个流域开展重点治理,包括集镇排水系统完善工程、农村生活污水处理工程、农业面源污染治理工程、河道环境综合整治工程等。远期,为保证水环境治理的综合提升效果,将治理范围扩大,实施高邮湖、沂湖、洋湖综合整治工程、农业面源污染控制工程,并开展管理措施的制定和推行工作。通过工程和非工程措施的结合,尽快改善小流域河道水质,全面削减入湖污染物,最终实现高邮湖水质的全面改善。

Gaoyou Lake belongs to shallow water type lakes in the Huaihe River basin. It is an important part of the Huaihe River into the Yangtze River and is the sixth largest freshwater lake in China. According to the Gaoyou Lake water quality monitoring data and on-the-spot survey investigation, Gaoyou Lake in Tianchang City is faced with problems such as deterioration of water quality, non-compliance of tributaries with water quality, shrinkage of the lakeside ecological belt,prominent aquaculture pollution problems, lack of sewage treatment facilities in rural areas, and inadequate sewage treatment in urban areas. Focusing on solving problems and meeting water quality standards, we implement the idea of sub-basin and phased system management. The key pollution prevention measures for the seriously polluted Tonglong River, Yangcun River and Wangqiao River basins include the improvement of the drainage system of the township and rural areas, domestic wastewater treatment project, farmland non-point source pollution control project, river environment comprehensive improvement project, etc.;In the long term, in order to ensure the effectiveness of water environment treatment, the scope of the project will be expanded to implement the Gaoyou Lake, Yihu, Yanghu comprehensive renovation project, agricultural source pollution control project, and the development and implementation of management measures. Through the combination of engineering and non-engineering measures, river water quality in small river basins will be improved as soon as possible, and pollutants entering the lake will be reduced in an all-round manner, leading to the overall improvement of the water quality of Gaoyou Lake.