新冠肺炎疫情暴发期间围孕期女性心理状况调查分析

Investigation of Psychological Status of Peri-Pregnant Women during the Outbreakof Corona Virus Disease 2019

新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情的暴发给社会公众带来负面情绪,围孕期女性则受到日常应激事件和疫情应激事件的双重影响。通过对90项症状量表SCL-90、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、伯恩斯抑郁症清单(BDC)、GAD-7焦虑症筛查量表5个标准化问卷的项目抽取,编制疫情期间围孕期女性心理状况调查问卷,对549名处于围孕期的女性进行网络数据调查,以期了解围孕期女性在新冠肺炎疫情暴发后的心理健康状况。结果发现围孕期女性在量表总分上出现49.9%的阳性筛查率,自评状况弱于家人;围孕期女性在居住地、身体状况、经济状况上存在显著差异,用心理健康量表总分作为因变量,三个因素加上自评状况进入逐步回归模型;三成以上围孕期女性需要得到医疗、经济、心理援助。研究认为,新冠肺炎疫情暴发期间,围孕期女性的敌对情绪和抑郁情绪明显;塑造良好的人际关系有助于改善围孕期女性的心理健康状况;疫情期间,围孕期女性需要自我觉察和加强心理免疫。

The outbreak of COVID-19 brings negative emotions to the public,while pregnancy women are affected by both daily stress events and epidemic stress events.An online data survey was conducted on 549 peri pregnant women to understand the mental health status of perinatal women after the outbreak of the epidemic event.The questionnaire on the psychological status of pregnancy women during the epidemic period was prepared by sampling items from the following standardized questionnaires:SCL-90,self-rating depression scale(SDS),Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),Burns Depression Checklist(BDC)and anxiety screening scale(GAD-7).The results showed that 49.9%of the pregnant women had positive screening on the total score of the scale,and their self-evaluation was weaker than their families;There are significant differences in residence,physical condition and economic condition of pregnant women.Using the total score of mental health scale as the dependent variable,the three factors plus the self-assessment status enter the stepwise regression model,and more than 30%of perinatal women needed medical,financial and psychological assistance.This study suggested that the hostility and depression are obvious for perinatal women,shaping a good interpersonal relationship is helpful to improve their mental health status and they need to be self-aware and psychologically immune during the outbreak of COVID-19.