面对新型冠状病毒肺炎风险信息的民众心理状态及情绪引导策略

People’s Psychological State and Emotional Guidance Strategies in the Face of the Risk Information of COVID-19

目的:了解面对新冠肺炎病毒事件中人的特殊的心理行为问题,为疫情期间针对民众的心理疏导提供政策建议。方法:采用方便抽样调查方式,并辅以访谈方法,抽样调查了各省市被试2144人。结果:民众评估风险信息大小时,治愈信息和与自身相关信息排在前列,四种风险信息之间的差异不显著。与自身关系密切的负性信息直接通过风险认知影响自我保护行为,中间并不通过心理紧张度影响它;治愈信息等正性信息会通过风险认知、心理紧张度的链式中介影响自我保护的应对行为,同时,治愈信息也能分别通过风险认知、心理紧张度直接影响自我保护的应对行为。疫区民众中发现了"台风眼效应"的情况,需避免麻痹心理,防止疫情反弹。结论:风险信息和心理紧张度是影响民众应对方式的重要变量,也是情绪引导的依据。

Objective:To understand the humans’special psychological and behavioral problems in the face of the COVID-19 incident,so as to provide policy recommendations for psychological counseling of the public during the epidemic.Methods:2144 subjects from various provinces and cities were selected by convenience sampling method and interviewed.Results:When people assessed the risk information,the cure information and the self-related information were in the forefront,and the difference among the four kinds of risk information was not significant.Negative information closely related to self directly affects self-protection behavior through risk perception,but not through psychological tension.Positive information such as cure information can influence the coping behavior of self-protection through the chain mediation of risk perception and psychological tension,healing information could also directly influence self-protective coping behavior through risk perception and psychological tension(emotion),respectively."Psychological Typhoon Eye"effect had been found among the people in the epidemic area.Paralysis should be avoided to prevent the outbreak from rebounding.Conclusion:Risk information and psychological stress are important variables that affect people’s coping style,and also the basis of emotional guidance.