遗体器官捐献中悔捐现象分析及对策建议

Analysis and Countermeasures of Donation Revocation in Deceased Organ Donation

我国器官移植事业发展迅速,但悔捐事件时有发生,不仅影响器官捐献流程的正常进行,更易引发社会热议。本文对器官移植法律文本、操作流程等进行了梳理,发现遗体器官捐献中存在相关法律规定缺位、悔捐权行使主体和程序不明确、近亲属行使悔捐权不当等问题,悔捐行为亟待规范。通过探讨悔捐权的存在及其规制的法律基础,本文提出悔捐权的主体和操作程序框架,同时还指出应通过完善捐赠激励体系、修订《人体器官移植条例》中关于悔捐权的法律规定、保障知情同意工作的落实等措施来更好地解决悔捐行为造成的法律问题。

The organ transplantation in China gets well developed,but revocation occurs from time to time,which has affected the normal progress of organ donation,and sparked a heated debate among the public.This study shows that there are key issues in revoking donation such as the absence of legal regulations,limited time for organ acquisition,and close relatives’arbitrary revocation right by reviewing and sorting out the legal texts and operating procedures of organ transplantation.By discussing the legal basis of the existence and regulation of the right to revoke organ donation,we proposed the legal subject and procedure regulatory framework.We recommend that donation revocation should be better avoided by improving the donation incentive system,updating the regulations on donation revocation,and focusing on the implementation of informed consent process.