驻村扶贫:增权动员与主体回归--基于K村个案研究

Village-Stationed Poverty Alleviation:Empowerment Augment and Subject Return--A Case Study of K Village

基于中国西部K村的田野调查,呈现了当地驻村工作队扶贫增加贫困者"权能"后贫困者行为和观念变化的过程。认为因弱权而产生的无助、自我贬低或理性的偏废,是贫困者对生活事件失去参与及其掌控意愿,进而呈现内生动力不足的主要原因;扶贫应走进贫困者的生活世界,尊重其生产逻辑,并契合其自我发展的个性差异和动态需求不断提升可行能力,清除其"无权感"的来源;还应关注情理社会中"人情"的动员魅力,利用情感治理或情理劝服等方式弥补动员治理给贫困者带来理性偏废行动的不足。这样才能更好地动员广大贫困者积极能动地参与进贫困治理中,实现其内生性和内源性脱贫。

Based on the fieldwork at K Village in western China,this paper presents the change process of behavior and mindset among the poor after their"Power"is augmented by the local teams of village-stationed poverty alleviation.It holds that the hopelessness,self-devaluation or lack of reason induced by weak power can be the major cause for the poor to lose will of participation and control in their life events,which leads to insufficient endogenous driving force.In poverty alleviation,we should approach the life of the poor,respect their production logic,and constantly improve their action capability on the basis of their individual differences and dynamic needs of self-development,so as to eliminate the sense of powerlessness.Besides,we should also take advantage of the mobilization charm in a society of human relations in China,and adopt ways like emotional governance or rational persuasion to make up the lack of reason in mobilization and governance among the poor.Only in this way can we better mobilize the vast majority of the poor to actively participate in poverty alleviation,and achieve successful alleviation of intrinsic and endogenous poverty.