电力现货市场分区结算方法比较研究——基于节点电价的分析

A Comparative Study on Zoning Settlement Methods of Electricity Spot——zoning method according to grid congestion

电力现货市场建设是电力市场化改革的关键一环,电力现货市场运行后,将对电力系统的经济机制产生质的影响。节点电价是电力现货市场的重要价格信号,能够精准反映短期电力资源的时空价值。而由于供需变化和电网阻塞,节点电价可能波动剧烈,在电力市场建设初期,市场主体不易接受。因此,通常考虑分区电价的结算机制。本文梳理总结国内外常用的电价分区方法;从电力市场实际应用角度出发,重点分析按行政分区和按阻塞分区这两种分区方法,基于两个IEEE14节点系统互联形成的28节点系统和IEEE118节点系统,分析了分区结算对用户公平性的影响以及阻塞情况和电源结构对分区电价的影响。最后,基于研究结论提出电价分区的建议,以期为各地区结合实际情况选择合适的分区定价方案提供参考。

The construction of electricity spot market is a key part of power market reform,the operation of the spot market will have a qualitative impact on the economic mechanism of the power system.Locational marginal price is an important price signal in the electricity spot market,which can accurately reflect the temporal and spatial value of short-term electric power resources.However,due to the change of supply-demand relationship and grid congestion,locational marginal price may fluctuate violently,which is not easy for the market subject to accept in the early stage of the construction of the power market.Accordingly,zonal settlement mechanism is applied normally.This paper summarizes the method of zonal settlement in china and abroad.From the point of the actual application of the electricity market,this paper analyzed the zoning method according to administrative and the zoning method according to grid congestion.Based on the IEEE14 and IEEE118 system,the paper analyzed the influence of zonal settlement on the fairness of users,the influence of grid congestion and power supply structure on the zonal price are analyzed at the same time.Finally,based on the research results of this paper,the suggestions on zonal price are put forward in order to provide a reference for each region to choose an zone pricing scheme based on the actual situation.