基于三种试剂盒分析新型冠状病毒特异性抗体的动态变化

Dynamic Changes in Production of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Based on Three Serological Kits

为了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)发病后血清中新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)特异性抗体的动态变化,本研究使用三种不同检测原理的SARS-CoV-2抗体检测试剂盒,对来自甘肃省33例核酸检测阳性的COVID-19确诊病例的58份血清标本,分别进行了病毒特异性抗体(IgM、IgG和总抗体)的检测。结果显示,COVID-19发病后IgM、IgG和总抗体阳性率随发病时间的推移而逐渐上升:发病早期3d以内,三种试剂盒检测病毒特异性抗体阳性率在13.6%~31.8%之间;发病4~7d时,阳性率在36.4%~45.5%之间;发病8~14d时,阳性率在55.6%~77.8%之间;而发病15d以上时,阳性率达到100%。此外,本研究使用三种试剂盒检测了健康人血清标本,检测特异性在99%~100%之间。统计学分析结果显示,三种检测试剂盒的检测结果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。综上所述,三种SARS-CoV-2抗体检测试剂盒均具有较好的敏感性和特异性,可用于COVID-19疑似病例在核酸检测阴性时的辅助诊断;本研究初步获得的SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体动态变化特征可为COVID-19血清流行病学调查和无症状感染者研究提供重要的基础依据。

We wished to understand the dynamic changes in production of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibodies in sera collected from coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)patients. Fifty-eight serum samples from 33 patients confirmed to have COVID-19 in Gansu Province,China,were tested for three types of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies:immunoglobulin(Ig)M,IgG,and total antibodies. The positive rate of IgM,IgG and total antibodies increased gradually with COVID-19 progression.Within the first 3 days,the positive rate of detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody using the three kits was 13.6% – 31.8%,whereas,within 4 – 7 days,it was 36.4% – 45.5%,within 8 – 14 days it was 55.6% –77.8%,and after 15 days,it was 100%. In addition,the three kits were used to measure antibodies from serum samples collected from healthy people,and the specificity was 99% – 100%. Statistical analyses indicated no significant difference among the results of the three kits(P > 0.05 for all). In summary,the three SARS-CoV-2 antibody-detection kits had good sensitivity and specificity for detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2,and could aid the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. The dynamic characteristics of production of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies could provide important scientific bases for epidemiologic investigations.