以新型冠状病毒肺炎为例浅析血浆疗法的现况及发展

The Present Situation and Prospect of Convalescent Plasma Treatment:Taking Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia as Example

自2019年12月湖北省武汉地区出现新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)以来,疫情发展迅速,对我国乃至全球公共卫生构成巨大威胁,造成巨大经济损失和社会恐慌。重症是导致COVID-19死亡的最主要原因,2020年2月19日国家卫生健康委员会出台《新冠肺炎康复者恢复期血浆临床治疗方案(试行第一版)》,主要用于医治重型、危重型病例。血浆疗法这一治疗策略可追溯到20世纪,在目前没有有效疫苗和药物的情况下,仍可使用患者恢复期血浆预防或治疗传染病,阻止疾病恶化,降低病死率。本文对新型冠状病毒进行简要介绍,回顾以往血浆疗法在冠状病毒治疗方面的应用及成效,并分析了血浆疗法的局限性。进一步结合目前抗病毒治疗性抗体的研究现状及发展优势,对COVID-19的抗体治疗提出思考。

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Wuhan in December 2019,the epidemic has developed rapidly. COVID-19 is wreaking havoc upon global public health,as well as causing huge economic losses and social panic,worldwide. On February 19th 2020,the National Health Commission in China issued a Convalescent Plasma Clinical Treatment Plan(trial first edition)for COVID-19 to be used to treat severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19. The strategy of convalescent plasma treatment(CPT)can be traced back to the 20th century. In the absence of effective vaccines or drugs,convalescent plasma can be used to prevent or treat infectious diseases,prevent disease progression,and reduce mortality. Here,we briefly introduce severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),review the application and efficacy of CPT in COVID-19 treatment,and analyze the limitations of CPT. We also focus on the current research status and development of antiviral therapeutic antibodies for COVID-19,and put forward some thoughts on the therapeutic antibody of COVID-19.