露天煤矿排土场干草转移对坡面草本层重建与土壤改良研究

Research on the reconstruction of slope herbaceous layer and soil improvement by hay transfer in open pit mine

生态恢复是一个过程,通常以植被恢复为主。大多已采取植被恢复措施的排土场能在一定程度上改善矿区生态条件,但仍普遍存在因重树木、轻草本导致的群落结构单一、土壤三相失衡以及严重的水土流失等问题。本文以已开展生态恢复的内蒙古北电胜利半干旱典型草原区露天煤矿排土场为研究对象,拟通过干草转移实验重建坡面草本层,提高坡面生态稳定性。研究表明,干草转移可以有效改善排土场边坡生境条件,改善土壤理化性质及土壤营养条件,提高草本植物密度和生物多样性。排土场干草转移实现了边坡草本层重建及水土流失控制的双赢。

Ecological restoration is a process, usually vegetation restoration.Most of the dumps where vegetation restoration measures have been carried out can improve the ecological conditions of the mining area to a certain extent.Attach importance to the restoration of trees and ignore herbs resulted in a single community structure, three-phase soil imbalance and serious soil erosion.In this paper, based on the ecological restoration of the open-pit coal mine dump in the semi-arid typical grassland area of Beidian Shengli in Inner Mongolia as the research object, it is planned to reconstruct the herb layer on the slope through the hay transfer experiment to improve the ecological stability of the slope.The results show that hay transfer can effectively improve the habitat conditions of the slope of the dump, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and soil nutrient conditions, and increase the density and biodiversity of herbaceous plants.The transfer of hay from the dumping site has achieved a win-win situation in the reconstruction of the herbal layer on the slope and the control of soil erosion.