土壤重金属铬污染修复技术的研究进展

Research Development of Remediation Technology of Heavy Metal Chromium Polluted Soils

土壤重金属铬污染问题日趋严峻,开展土壤重金属铬污染修复技术研究是目前农业生态与地下水环境面临的重要问题。从土壤中重金属铬污染的来源以及铬在土壤中的存在形态与转化入手,分析土壤重金属铬污染的危害,综述了已有的土壤重金属铬污染修复技术,并在详细阐述和分析铬污染土壤的化学还原稳定化修复技术、微生物修复技术、电动修复技术等方法原理的基础上,对比分析了各种修复技术的优缺点。提出了联合修复技术,与以往单一的修复技术相比,联合两种或两种以上的技术对土壤重金属铬污染进行修复处理,其修复效果更好,不仅可缩短修复周期、减少修复成本,还能降低二次污染的风险,具有非常好的应用前景,是未来土壤重金属铬污染修复技术研究的发展方向。

The pollution of heavy metal chromium in soil is increasingly serious.Chromium pollutedsoil remediation is important for agricultural ecology and groundwater environment.This paper analyses the harm of chromium pollution in soil and summarizes the existing remediation technologies of soil chromium pollution starting with the sources and transformations of chromium pollution in soil.On the basis of elaborating and analysing the principles and methods of chemical reduction,microbiological and electric remediation technologies of chromium polluted soil,the paper compares and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the methods,and proposes the combined remediation technology as a better method.Compared with the previous single remediation technology,the combination of two or more remediation technologies is a method that can achieve better restoration effect.The combined remediation technology cannot only shorten the restoration cycle and cost,but also reduce the risk of secondary pollution.The combined remediation technology has a very good application prospect and is a potential future development direction for the remediation technology of chromium polluted soil.