不同来源虾青素提取、纯化及定量检测方法的研究进展

Research progress on extraction,purification and quantitative detection methods of astaxanthin from different sources

虾青素是一种较强的天然抗氧化剂,能有效淬灭单线态氧和清除自由基,减少氧化对组织细胞和DNA损伤的能力,能有效防治相关的疾病,还可用作鱼类和家禽饲料的添加剂,改善皮肤和肌肉颜色、提高繁殖能力、增加营养及商品价值,在饲料、食品、医药及化妆品等领域具有广泛的应用。天然虾青素存在于虾蟹外壳、牡蛎、鲑鱼及藻类和真菌中,其存在形态和结构存在差异。由于虾青素有3种光学异构体、多种几何异构体,且极易与脂肪酸结合形成虾青素单酯、虾青素双酯,导致虾青素的结构复杂多样,对虾青素的分析存在许多困难和挑战。本文从虾青素的结构、应用、破壁方法、提取纯化及定量检测方法等方面,对不同来源的虾青素进行了概述,以期为虾青素资源的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。

Astaxanthin is a strong natural antioxidant that can effectively quench singlet oxygen and scavenge free radicals,reduce the ability of oxidation to damage tissue cells and DNA,and effectively prevent oxidation-related diseases.Astaxanthin also can be used as an additive for fish and poultry feed to improve their skin and muscle color,improve reproduction ability,increase nutrition and commercial value,and has a wide range of applications in the fields of feed,food,medicine and cosmetics.Natural astaxanthin is found in shrimp and crab shells,oysters,salmon,algae and fungi,and its existence morphology and structure are different.And astaxanthin has3 optical isomers,multiple geometric isomers,and is easily combined with fatty acids into astaxanthin monoesters and astaxanthin dieters,resulting in complex and diverse astaxanthin structures.Vulnerability analysis faces many difficulties and challenges.This paper summarized the astaxanthin from different sources in terms of the structure and application of astaxanthin,wall breaking methods,extraction and purification,and quantitative detection methods,in order to provide a reference for the in-depth research and development of astaxanthin resources.