少年儿童道德社会化与政治社会化:内涵.关系与路径

Children's Moral Socialization and Political Socialization:Connotation,Relationship and Path

少年儿童道德社会化是少年儿童通过社会互动学习道德规范知识、内化道德价值、培养道德情操的过程;少年儿童政治社会化是少年儿童通过接触和学习某种政治文化,培养政治立场和政治参与能力的过程。少年儿童道德社会化的教育路径主要通过学校德育,少年儿童政治社会化的教育路径主要通过少先队组织教育。学校德育重在促进少年儿童的道德社会化,少年儿童通过学校有目的的、系统的、持续的教育影响,将社会道德规范逐步内化为个人道德品质;少先队组织教育重在促进少年儿童的政治社会化,少年儿童通过学习少先队组织的性质、任务、组织形式,以及参加少先队开展的一系列活动等,为其一生的政治信念、政治知识、政治情感、政治态度和政治行为打下坚实的基础。在以学校为社会化主体的实践过程中更应将学校德育与少先队组织教育区分开,在学校德育中加强道德社会化,在少先队组织教育中凸显其政治社会化的功能和作用,既使两者相辅相成、各司其职,又能适时地有机融合。

Moral socialization of children is a process in which children learn moral norms,internalize moral values and cultivate moral sentimen ts through social interaction.The political socialization of children is a proc ess in which children develop political stand and the political participation ab ility through contact and learning of certain political cultures.The education of children's moral socialization is mainly through school moral education,and their political socialization is mainly through the education of Young Pioneers Organization.School moral education focuses on promoting the moral socialization of children.Through the purposeful,systematic and continuous educational influ ence of the school,children gradually internalize social moral norms into person al moral qualities.The education of the Young Pioneers Organization focuses on p romoting the political socialization of children.Through learning the characters,tasks and organizational forms of the Young Pioneers Organization and participa ting in a series of activities,it lays a solid foundation for the development th eir political beliefs,knowledge,emotions,attitudes and behaviors.Therefore,in th e practice of taking the school as the main body of socialization,we should dist inguish the school moral education from the education of Young Pioneers Organiza tion,strengthen the moral socialization in the school moral education,and highli ght the function and role of political socialization in the education of Young P ioneers Organization,so as to not only make the two complement each other,perfor m their respective duties,but also can be organically integrated.