实验室常见危险化学品事故及技术防范

Safety Disposal of Dangerous Chemicals in Laboratory

危险化学品的规范操作水平和实验室安全事故息息相关,而实验室安全事故直接影响着高校师生的生命财产安全,甚至社会稳定。结合曾经发生过的实验室事故,从气体泄漏、火灾、爆炸3个分级层次,分别介绍具有刺激性气味活泼金属试剂、过氧化物及可燃气体的爆炸事故及技术防范。从安全操作角度,提出了相应的预防措施和对策。掌握必要的危险化学品处理方法,能够提高实验室师生的安全认知水平,从而降低实验室事故发生的概率,保障师生生命财产安全,维护社会安定。

Standard operating procedure of hazardous chemicals is closely related to laboratory safety.And laboratory accident has direct influence on the life safety,property safety as well as society stability.Combining specific laboratory accidents(gas leakage,fire and explosion),notices for stimulant odor experiment,operating points of active reagents such as sodium metal and lithium butyl,safety instructions for peroxides,excess of magnesium metal and explosion limit of combustible gas were introduced,respectively.From the point of view of safe operation,the corresponding preventive measures are emphasized.Mastering the necessary treatment methods of hazardous chemicals can improve the safety awareness level of laboratory personnel and reduce the probability of laboratory accidents.