聋生和健听生中文词切分的发展比较

A Comparative Study on the Segmentation of Chinese Words between Deaf Students and Hearing Students

词切分是中文阅读的必要环节,为了解聋生中文词切分的发展特点,本研究以355名小学四年级至高中三年级聋生和健听生为对象,采用词切分任务收集数据,结果发现:(1)聋生和健听生均未严格按照词汇词的边界进行词切分;(2)随学段升高,聋生和健听生均表现为词切分差异和主观词平均长度增大、词组现象增多、非词错误减少,但聋生这四方面的发展均晚于健听生;(3)聋生非词错误数高于健听生。结果表明,主观词具有心理现实性,聋生中文词切分的发展方向和健听生一致,但进程相对落后。

Word segmentation is an essential part of reading.To understand deaf people's development characteristics of Chinese word segmentation,the present study selected 355 deaf students and hearing students from the fourth grade of elementary school to the third grade of high school as subjects.Analysis of data collected from word segmentation tasks found that:1)deaf students and hearing students did not strictly segment words according to vocabulary word boundaries;2)with the increase of the study period,the non-word errors of the two types of subjects decreased,the phrase phenomena increased,and the average length of subjective words and the number of word segmentation differences increased;3)the number of non-word errors of deaf students was significantly higher than that of hearing students,the development of the number of word segmentation differences,phrase phenomena and the average length of subjective words were later than that of hearing students.The results showed that subjective words were psychologically realistic,the development direction of Chinese word segmentation for deaf students was the same as that for hearing students,but the process was relatively backward.