谷物作为反刍动物能量饲料的营养特性及高谷物饲粮对消化道健康的影响

Nutritional Characteristics of Grain as Energy Feed for Ruminants and Effects of High⁃Grain Diet on Gastrointestinal Tract Health

谷物是反刍动物饲粮的重要组分,也是易发酵碳水化合物的主要来源,其在维持动物生长发育、机体代谢和生产性能等方面发挥关键作用。在现代奶牛、肉牛和肉羊生产过程中,为了提高生产效率而过量使用谷物饲料,导致动物消化道健康受损,这已经成为现代反刍动物生产中的突出问题。本文以反刍动物饲粮中谷物利用与动物健康生产为例,阐述谷物作为反刍动物能量饲料与动物健康的关系,为反刍动物营养调控决策提供参考。

Grains are an important ingredient of ruminant diets,and it is also the main easily fermented carbo⁃hydrate source.This feed resource plays a key role in maintaining the growth and development,metabolism and production performance for animals.In order to improve the production efficiency,a high⁃grain based diet have been used for high⁃yield ruminants,which lead to the damage of animal health and became a prominent prob⁃lem in modern dairy cows,beef cattle and fattening sheep industry.This paper reviewed the linkages of grain diets and ruminant health,and provided reference for regulating ruminant nutrition.