单端孢霉烯族毒素的致病机理及防治措施研究进展

Research Advances on Pathogenic Mechanism and Control Measures of Trichothecenes Mycotoxin

霉菌毒素是霉菌在生长繁殖过程中的次级代谢产物,种类繁多并表现出"多菌产一毒,一菌产多毒"的特点。动物一旦采食被霉菌毒素污染的饲料,将会由于摄入数量的不同对机体产生不同程度的伤害,统称为霉菌毒素中毒症。畜产品中霉菌毒素的累积和残留进入人体后对人类健康也会造成巨大的损害。单端孢霉烯族毒素是被世界卫生组织认定的危险物,且其造成动物中毒的机制还未完全阐明。目前,对于霉菌毒素的处理方法正由传统的物理化学法向生物脱毒的方向转变。本文就单端孢霉烯族毒素的中毒机理进行总结并综述霉菌毒素的各种脱毒方法,旨在为霉菌毒素脱霉剂的研发和生产提供理论支持和依据。

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds in the process of growth and reproduction.They are characterized by a wide variety and exhibit the characteristics of“multi⁃bacteria production and multi⁃biological toxicity”.Once the animals have taken the feed contaminated with mycotoxins,they will cause different de⁃grees of damage to the body due to the different intakes,which are collectively referred to as mycotoxin poi⁃soning.The accumulation and residue of mycotoxins in animal products can also cause great damage to human health after entering the human body.Trichothecenes are dangerous substances recognized by the World Health Organization,and the mechanism by which they cause animal poisoning has not been fully elucidated.At pres⁃ent,the treatment of mycotoxins is being transformed from the traditional physicochemical method to the bio⁃logical detoxification.In this paper,the poisoning mechanism of trichothecenes is summarized and various de⁃toxification methods of mycotoxins are reviewed.The aim is to provide theoretical support and basis for the de⁃velopment and production of mycotoxins.