“十四五”时期我国现代市场体系建设思路和关键举措

Ideas and Key Measures for the Construction of China’s Modern Market System during the“14th Five-Year Plan”Period

统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系是现代化经济体系的重要组成部分。将市场经济作为有机统一的体系加以治理、建设高标准市场体系,是支撑经济高质量发展、推进更高水平的对外开放、加快促进形成强大国内市场的重要基石。把握新时代世情、国情的新变化和新要求,现代市场体系的"高标准"主要体现在"三化三性"的基本特征,即法治化、信息化、国际化及系统性、高效性、创新性。当前,我国现代市场体系已初步建立但仍不够完善,距离"高标准"还有一定差距,表现在市场主体活力不足、客体发育不成熟、准入和竞争机制不完善、运行秩序不够规范等诸多方面。究其根源,在于产权、信用、市场监管、行政性垄断、财税和绩效考核等方面仍有深层次的体制机制束缚。"十四五"时期应重点提升我国现代市场体系的系统性、创新性及运行效率,着力夯实产权制度、社会信用、市场监管、竞争政策、财税体制等关键性的制度基石,加快形成企业自主经营公平竞争、消费者自由选择自主消费、商品和要素自由流动平等交换的现代市场体系,确保实现准入畅通、开放有序、竞争充分、秩序规范。

A unified,open,and competitive modern market system is an important part of the modern economic system.It is a crucial foundation of supporting high-quality economic development,promoting higher level opening up and accelerating the building of a strong domestic market to take market economy as an organic and unified system for governance and build a high standard market system.According to the new changes and requirements of the new era and the national conditions,the high standard of the modern market system is mainly reflected in the basic characteristics of three characteristics.They are legalization,informatization,internationalization and systematization,efficiency and innovation.At present,China’s modern market system has been initially established,but it is still not perfect,and it is not up to high standards,which is manifested in many aspects such as the lack of vitality of market subjects,immature development of objects,the barrier to entry and competition mechanism,and insufficiently standardized operation order.The root cause is that there are still deep-seated system and mechanism constraints in property rights,credit,market regulation,administrative monopoly,fiscal taxation,and performance appraisal.Hence,we should focus on improving the systematization,innovation,and operational efficiency of China’s modern market system,and strengthen the key institutional foundations of the property rights system,social credit,market regulation,competition policy,and financial and taxation system.We need to accelerate the formation of a modern market system in which enterprises operate independently and compete fairly,consumers freely choose to consume independently,and goods and factors freely flow and are exchanged equally.Finally,we must ensure the markets are unimpeded,open,competitive and regulated,so as to lay a more solid and reliable market foundation for improving the socialist market economy,promoting high-quality economic development and modernizing the country’s governance system and capacity.