住房不平衡对居民幸福感的影响分析

Analysis of the Impact of Housing Inequality on Residents’Happiness

随着住房市场化改革的推进,住房不平衡问题日益加剧,导致一系列的经济和社会问题。根据2011-2015年中国家庭金融调查数据,考察省级层面和市级层面住房价格和住房数量上的不平衡程度对居民主观幸福感的影响及其对幸福感差异的贡献率,发现市级层面住房数量不平衡程度和省级层面住房价值不平衡程度的提高对居民幸福感的影响显著为负,而市级层面住房价值不平衡程度的提高对居民幸福感具有显著的正向影响,较高的居民幸福感主要聚集在住房消费水平较高的群体,住房价值和数量不平衡对居民幸福感差异的贡献率分别为4.2%和1.7%左右。因此,应在保障低收入群体住房需求、缓解住房地区差异等方面下功夫,以提高居民幸福感。

With the advancement of housing market reform,the housing inequality is becoming more and more serious,leading to a series of economic and social problems.Based on the 2011-2015 China Household Finance Survey data,this paper investigates the impact of inequalities in housing wealth and the number of houses at the provincial and city levels on residents’happiness and their contributions to the difference in happiness.We find that the increase of inequality in the number of houses at the city level and inequality in housing wealth at the provincial level has a significantly negative effect on people’s happiness,while the impact of increment of housing wealth inequality at the city level is positive.Higher happiness mainly concentrates in people with higher housing consumption level.The contributions of inequalities in housing wealth and number of houses to the inequality of happiness are about 4.2%and 1.7%,respectively.Therefore,efforts should be made to protect the housing needs of low-income groups and alleviate differences in housing consumption across regions,in order to improve residents’happiness.