海洋水产养殖业中的生物污损与控制

Effect and Remediation of Biofouling on Marine Aquaculture

生物污损是全世界海洋水产养殖业面临的重要难题。目标养殖物及养殖设备时刻面临来自污损生物的各种威胁,主要表现为通过物理破坏、机械干扰、生物竞争和改变环境等方式对养殖产量造成重大影响。随着海洋水产养殖业不断往深远海域拓展以及食品产业限制杀菌剂使用相关立法的日益严格,新的防污损手段在有效控制污损生物群落演化和发展的同时,必须满足环境、社会和经济等多方面的需求。本文简要介绍了海洋水产养殖中生物污损的情况及影响,综述了目前国内外防污技术的研究与应用。

The marine aquaculture suffers significantly from biofouling worldwide.Aquaculture products and farming equipment immersed in seawater are exposed to a variety of marine fouling organisms,which have a significant impact on the production of aquaculture by physical damage,mechanical interference,biological competition and environmental changes.With the development of marine aquaculture industry and the increasingly strict legislation of restricting the use of fungicides in food industry,the new anti-fouling strategies should meet the environmental,social and economic demands while effectively controlling the evolution and development of fouling communities.In this review,the effect and orientation of biofouling in marine aquaculture are briefly introduced,and the research progress and applications at home and abroad of anti-fouling strategies are summarized.