风电增速齿轮箱模拟实验台研制

Development of simulation test bench for wind power increase gearbox

行星齿轮传动机构具有体积小、重量轻、传动比大和效率高的优点,因此广泛地应用于机械领域尤其是风电装备等。风电齿轮箱是风力发电机组最关键的部件,一旦齿轮箱发生故障,将会影响整个机械的安全运行,也将严重威胁操作人员的安全状况。因此,对行星齿轮传动机构开展故障诊断研究具有重要意义。实际风电装备由于尺寸较大,不容易开展实验,而各高校及研究所基本上以小型减速器为研究对象,但是一般减速器的传动比都在10左右,达不到风电装备的高传动比工况。本文研制了一种风电增速齿轮箱实验台,并将其用于设备的故障诊断,通过采集风电的振动信号,对行星级齿轮在多种负载下的故障数据进行分析对比。实验结果表明:该实验台能够模拟实际风电增速齿轮箱的功能,结合相关配套实验设备,能够完成风电增速齿轮箱故障的模拟与诊断。此外,本文还验证了所研制设备的可靠性。

The planetary gear transmission has the advantages of small size, light weight, large transmission ratio and high efficiency, so it is widely applied in the field of machinery, especially the wind power equipment. The most critical component of a wind turbine is the wind power gearbox. Once the gearbox fails, it will affect the safe operation of the entire machine and will place the operator at serious risk of safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out fault diagnosis research on planetary gear transmission mechanism. Due to the large size of actual wind power equipment, it is not convenient to carry out direct experiments. Universities and research institutes usually use small reducers as research objects. However, the gear ratios of general reducers are all around 10, which cannot reach the working conditions of wind power equipment with the high transmission. A wind power increasing gearbox is developed for fault diagnosis. By collecting the vibration signal of the wind power equipment, the fault data of the star gear under various loading conditions is analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the test bench can simulate the function of the actual wind power increasing gearbox and is capable for the simulation and diagnosis of the wind power increasing gearbox failure with the combination of the relevant supporting experimental equipment. In addition, the reliability of the developed equipment is verified.