开拓企业家精神研究的社会文化视野

Opening Up the Social and Cultural Vision of Entrepreneurship Research

企业家及企业家精神的研究,在不同学科视角下呈现出不同的特点和差异性。经济学者关注企业家的素质、能力等方面,对企业家精神的研究主要分为风险承担、创新和市场机会把握等不同研究维度。社会学者则认为经济活动嵌入在社会之中,对企业家精神的研究聚焦于社会资本、文化资本等视角。企业家精神作为一种复杂的文化现象,未来研究应既要重视正式制度也要重视非正式制度,同时在企业家精神研究的方法论上进行创新。

This paper puts forward a new orientation of entrepreneurship research.In the past,the study of entrepreneurship has been placed under the study of entrepreneurs for a long time and has not been paid due attention.Based on the characteristics and differences of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship research from the perspective of different disciplines as the breakthrough point,this paper reviews the existing literature in related fields,analyzes the shortcomings of the existing research,and argues that future research should investigate the formation mechanism of entrepreneurship from system,culture and other factors,that it has played practical guiding significance in promoting innovation and reform of enterprises and adapting to the requirement of economic development and the deepened reform.