“头移植”的哲学反思

The Philosophical Reflection on Head Transplantation

“头移植”作为一种医学实践仅靠科学技术是不可能成功的。因为,它作为一种“杀头”行为,是对人的整体性身体的肢解,是对人的本质、本性、人格及其个体性和主体性的破坏。事实上,人的头颅一旦与所属的躯体分离,经由人类长期后天的社会化、文化化、教育化和精神化塑造而培养的自我意识、知识修养、审美意境、情爱世界及全部的智慧才华、记忆和美梦便将化为乌有。更何况由“头移植”形成的新个体还会遇到身份的定性、定位、归属、是否能为亲属认可,以及“手术结果可能比死更痛苦”等伦理道德、习俗和法律问题。为此有人认为:即便“头移植”能够成功,也是一种违背生死规律、破坏灵肉一体、浪费资源、得不偿失的“黑技术”,应永远被逐出科学技术领域。

“Head transplantation”is a medical practice that cannot be successfully done by pure science and technology.It is sort of killing by dismembering the body and destruction of the person in essence,nature,personality,individuality and subjectivity.As a matter of fact,once the human head is separated from its body,its related self-consciousness,achievements in knowledge,aesthetic conception,idea of romance,and all the wisdom,talent,memories and fond dreams that are cultivated through long-term socialization,culturalization,education and spiritualization will be totally deleted.Not to mention the ethical,customary and legal problems that the new individual formed by“head transplantation”will encounter,such as the identification,positioning,attribution,whether they can be recognized by their relatives,and“possibly-more painful-than-death result of the surgery”.Therefore,some believe that even if the“head transplantation”is successful,it is also a kind of“black technology”that goes against the law of life and death,destroys the integration of the body and the soul,and it is a waste of resources with its loss outweighted the gains,therefore it should be permanently expelled from the realm of science and technology.