海藻生物保水剂吸水保水性能及抗冷冻性研究

Study on Water Absorption and Water Retention Performance and Freezing Resistance of Seaweed Biological Water Retention Agent

本文以褐藻(马尾藻)中高含量的海藻多糖物质为研究对象,运用生物酶解技术和生化制备新工艺,将海藻多糖物质与丙烯酸进行共聚接枝交联,形成海藻多糖-聚丙烯酰胺共聚交联海藻生物保水剂,具有吸水倍数高、寿命长的优点。海藻生物保水剂充分吸水后,粒径为2~4 mm吸水倍率最高,为650.11 g/g。充分吸盐水后,粒径为0.9~2.0 mm吸盐水倍率最高,为61.29 g/g。在吸水前1 h内,粒径为0.9 mm吸水速率最快,所有粒径吸水9 h左右接近饱和。25℃条件下,粒径为2~4 mm水分蒸发较快;100℃条件下,水分累积蒸腾率粒径为2~4 mm最低,抗高温性能较好。相同转速不同保水剂之间加压0.5 h后,持水率表现为大粒径比小粒径高;不同转速下,3 000 r/min转速条件下保水剂的持水率略大于5 000 r/min,增加压力可降低保水剂持水率。随着冷冻时间的延长,保水剂的吸水倍率呈现下降趋势,但幅度较小,冷冻96 h后,粒径2~4 mm、粒径0.9~2.0 mm、粒径<0.9 mm吸水倍率分别下降9.09%、9.42%、11.04%。3种粒径海藻生物保水剂在冷冻后吸水倍率均可保持在500倍以上,具有较好的抗冷冻性。

In this paper,the high content of algae polysaccharides in brown algae(Sargasso algae)was used as the research object,by using the biological enzymolysis technology and the new biochemical preparation technology,the algal polysaccharide was copolymerized with acrylic acid to form the algal polysaccharide polyacrylamide copolymerized cross-linked algal biological water retention agent,which had the advantages of high water absorption multiple and long service life.After the seaweed biological water retention agent fully absorbed water,the water absorption rate was the highest(650.11 g/g)when the particle size was 2-4 mm.After the salt water was fully absorbed,and the rate of salt water absorption was highest(61.29 g/g)when the particle size was 0.9-2.0 mm.In the first hour before water absorption,the water absorption rate of the particle size<0.9 mm was the fastest,and all particle sizes were close to saturation after 9 h of water absorption.Under the condition of 25℃,the water with a particle size of 2-4 mm evaporates faster;under the condition of 100℃,the cumulative water evaporation rate was the lowest with a size of 2-4 mm,and the high temperature resistance was better.After pressurization for 0.5 h,the water retention rate of the large particle size was higher than that of the small particle size between different water-retaining agents at the same speed;at different speeds,the water retention rate of the water-retaining agent at 3000 r/min was slightly greater than that of 5000 r/min,increasing pressure could reduce the water holding capacity of the water-retaining agent.With the extension of freezing time,the water absorption rate of the water-retaining agent showed a downward trend,but the amplitude was relatively small.After 96 h hours of freezing,the water absorption rates of particle size 2-4 mm,particle size 0.9-2.0 mm and particle size<0.9 mm decreased by 9.09%,9.42%and 11.04%,respectively.The three kinds of algae biological water-retaining agents can keep the water absorption rate above 500 times after freezing,and have good freezing resistance.