拟建高层建筑风环境对周边建筑遗产影响评估——以广州同盛机器厂旧址为例

Influence of the Wind Environment Formed by Planned High-rise Buildings on the Surrounding Architectural Heritage Buildings:A Case Study based on the Old Site of Guangzhou Tongsheng Machine Factory

高层建设项目将对风环境造成严重影响,给遗产保护利用带来新的问题与隐患。于是在城市规划设计早期,评估拟建高层建筑风环境对周边建筑遗产的影响显得尤为重要。以规划中的广州白鹅潭国际中心商贸区及其中文物建筑群--同盛机器厂旧址为例,应用CFD软件Phoenics模拟典型工况下拟建高层建筑风环境的影响。结果显示:(1)强台风工况下,屋面风荷载未超过安全限值,由风压分布得出易受破坏部位;(2)"回南天"工况下,区域通风效果较好,但风影区影响较大,存在加重生物侵害的隐患;(3)夏冬季工况下,风廊改善夏季风环境的作用明显,冬季在高层建筑附近出现下行的高速冷风。依据建筑遗产受影响情况作出预评估,可指导城市高层建筑建设与周边建筑遗产保护协同进行。

High-rise buildings have a significant impact on the regional wind environment and produce challenges to the protection and utilization of heritage buildings.Therefore,it is particularly important to evaluate the impact of the wind environment formed by planned high-rise buildings on the surrounding architectural heritage buildings during the early stage of urban planning and design.In the present study,the impacts of the wind environment formed by planned high-rise buildings in the BaieTan International Trade Center on heritage buildings at the old site of the Tongsheng Machinery Factory in Guangzhou City were evaluated using the computational fluid dynamics software PHOENICS.The results showed that:1)When there is a strong typhoon,wind loads on building roofs are within the safety limit,and the vulnerable parts of the building structures can be determined according to the distribution of wind pressure.2)The regional ventilation effect is relatively good,but the wind shadow area has a relatively greater impact;there is also a hidden danger of aggravating biological damage under the"Huinantian"condition.3)In summer and winter,wind corridors play an important role in improving the summer wind environment,and downward high-speed cold wind appears near high-rise buildings in winter.Pre-evaluation of the impact of high-rise buildings on architectural heritage buildings can guide the construction of high-rise buildings and ensure the protection of surrounding architectural heritage buildings.