2014-2018年抚州市某三甲医院筛查患者感染HCV的流行病学分析

Analysis of Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Screening Patients in a Third-class A Hospital of Fuzhou from 2014 to 2018

目的:分析2014-2018年某三甲医院筛查的患者感染HCV流行病学状况.方法:2014-2018年抚州市第一人民医院剔除体检科检测HCV抗体的健康体检人群及传染科门诊和住院收治的丙型肝炎患者后,纳入符合HCV感染筛查标准的各科室住院或门诊患者(以下简称筛查患者),采用描述性流行病学方法分析2014-2018年该院筛查患者感染HCV数据.结果:2014-2018年筛查患者HCV抗体的年均阳性率为0.942%,不同年份筛查患者HCV抗体阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2014-2018年筛查患者不同性别HCV抗体年均阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),女性筛查患者HCV抗体年均阳性率高于男性.感染HCV年龄集中在40~69岁年龄段,年龄分布呈双峰分布,小高峰值在10~19岁年龄组,主高峰值在50~59岁年龄组.筛查的患者HCV抗体阳性例数位居前三位科室依次为外科、内科和门诊.不同科室筛查的患者HCV抗体阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论:医务人员需预防HCV职业暴露风险,严格执行诊疗操作规范,控制HCV医源性感染.需普及人们丙型肝炎可防、可治愈知识.将HCV抗体检测纳入人群健康体检项目,以早发现、早诊断、早治疗丙型肝炎患者,降低丙型肝炎对人们健康的危害.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological status of HCV infection among patients screened in a third-class hospital from 2014 to 2018.Method:From 2014 to 2018,First People’s Hospital of Fuzhou eliminated the healthy people who were tested by the physical examination department for HCV antibody,and the outpatients and inpatients of the infectious department for hepatitis C,the inpatients or outpatients of each department who meet the criteria of HCV infection screening(hereinafter referred to as screening patients),Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the HCV data of patients screened in the hospital from 2014 to 2018.Result:In 2014-2018,the average annual positive rate of HCV antibody in screened patients was 0.942%,comparison of the positive rates of HCV antibody in different years,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Comparison of annual average positive rate of HCV antibody between different genders of screened patients in 2014 to 2018,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The average annual positive rate of HCV antibody in female screening patients was higher than that in male.The age of HCV infection was concentrated in the 40 to 69 age group,and the age distribution showed a double peak distribution.The small high peak was in the 10 to 19 age group,and the main high peak was in the 50 to 59 age group.The top three departments were surgical department,internal medicine department and outpatient department.There was significant difference in the positive rate of HCV antibody among the patients screened in different departments(P<0.001).Conclusion:Medical staff need to prevent the risk of occupational exposure to HCV,strictly implement the diagnostic and treatment operation specifications,and control the iatrogenic infection of HCV.It is necessary to popularize the knowledge that hepatitis C can be prevented and cured.The detection of HCV antibody was included in the physical examination of the population,so as to detect,diagnose and treat the patients with hepatitis C early and reduce the harm of hepatitis C to people’s health.