基于PMT的健康教育在GDM孕妇中的应用及对认知水平、血糖控制和妊娠结局的影响

Application of Health Education Based on PMT in Pregnant Women with GDM and the Influence on Cognitive Level,Blood Glucose Control and Pregnancy Outcomes

目的:探讨基于保护动机理论(protection motivation theory,PMT)的健康教育在妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇中的应用及对认知水平、血糖控制和妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取2018年1月-2019年6月本院收治的120例GDM孕妇,按孕妇意愿分为对照组和干预组,各60例。对照组给予产科门诊常规健康宣教,干预组给予基于PMT的健康教育。比较两组认知水平、血糖控制情况和妊娠结局。结果:干预组对GDM各方面的认知良好率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组餐前30 min及餐后2 h血糖均低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组血糖控制率为81.67%高于对照组的60.00%(P<0.05)。干预组剖宫产、早产、巨大儿、新生儿窒息及新生儿低血糖发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于PMT健康教育有助于提高孕妇对GDM的认知,从而有效控制血糖,减少不良妊娠结局。

Objective:To explore the application of health education based on protection motivation theory(PMT)in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and the influence on cognitive level,blood glucose control and pregnancy outcomes.Method:A total of 120 pregnant women with GDM admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected.They were divided into control group and intervention group according to the pregnant women’s wishes,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given routine health education in obstetrics clinic,and the intervention group was given health education based on PMT.The cognitive level,blood glucose control and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared.Result:The good cognition rate of all aspects of GDM in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Blood glucose at 30 min before and 2 h after meals in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The blood glucose control rate of the intervention group was 81.67%higher than 60.00%of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of cesarean section,premature delivery,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia and neonatal hypoglycemia in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on PMT is helpful to improve pregnant women’s cognition of GDM,so as to effectively control blood glucose and reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.