街头无偿献血丙氨酸氨基转移酶不合格血报废原因分析

Reasons for Rejection of Unqualified Alanine Aminotransferase Blood Donated Free on Street

目的:分析大连市街头无偿献血丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)不合格血报废的相关原因.方法:选取2017年2月-2018年2月在大连市某采血点献血的14962例献血者为研究对象.分析ALT不合格血报废性别、年龄、学历、职业分布情况及ALT不合格血报废影响因素.结果:14962例街头无偿献血者初筛ALT不合格者占比18.35%.在实际参与街头献血的12217例中,ALT测定不合格者占比1.38%.ALT不合格报废血液中男性占比显著高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).ALT不合格报废血液中各年龄段占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);18~20岁和>50岁献血者血液中ALT不合格报废血液占比明显低于21~30岁和31~40岁献血者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).ALT不合格报废血液中不同学历、职业占比比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);初中及以下血液中ALT不合格报废血液占比明显高于硕士及以上献血者,中专和高中献血者血液中ALT不合格报废血液占比明显高于大专及本科、硕士及以上献血者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).教师/医务工作者、农民、学生、企业管理献血者血液中ALT不合格报废血液占比显著低于公务员、企业职员/工人、自由职业者,企业管理者血液中ALT不合格报废血液占比明显低于农民,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).饮酒,食用油腻、烧烤、腌制食物,长期熬夜,长期焦虑抑郁均是导致无偿献血人群ALT血不合格报废的重要因素.结论:采血前ALT初筛,可有效降低ALT不合格血报废率,献血者性别、年龄、学历、职业、饮酒、饮食、熬夜及焦虑抑郁情绪均是影响AIL不合格血液报废的主要因素.因此,在采血前应加强对ALT检测及对近期行为习惯调查问询.

Objective:To analyze the related reasons for the rejection of the unqualified alanine aminotransferase(ALT)blood donated free of charge in Dalian street.Method:A total of 14962 blood donors who donated blood at a blood collection point in Dalian city from February 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the research subjects.Gender,age,education,occupation distribution and influencing factors of ALT unqualified blood scrap were analyzed.Result:Among 14962 street blood donors,the proportion of ALT unqualified was 18.35%.Among the 12217 actual street blood donors,the proportion of ALT unqualified was 1.38%.The proportion of male in ALT unqualified discarded blood was significantly higher than that of female,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Comparison of the proportion of different age groups in the rejected blood of ALT,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of ALT unqualified discarded blood in blood of blood donors aged 18 to 20 years and>50 years were significantly lower than those of blood donors aged 21 to 30 years and 31 to 40 years,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Comparison of the proportions of different educational backgrounds and occupations in ALT unqualified discarded blood,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of ALT unqualified discarded blood in blood of junior middle school and below was significantly higher than that of blood donors with master degree and above,the proportion of ALT unqualified discarded blood in blood of secondary and high school blood donors were significantly higher than that of blood donors with junior college,bachelor’s degree,master’s degree or above,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of ALT unqualified discarded blood in the blood of teachers/medical workers,farmers,students and business management blood donors were significantly lower than those of civil servants,business staff/workers and freelancers,the proportion of ALT unqualified discarded blood in the blood of enterprise managers was significantly lower than that of farmers,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:ALT preliminary screening before blood collection can effectively reduce ALT unqualified blood scrap rate.Gender,age,education,occupation,drinking,diet,staying up late,anxiety and depression mood of blood donors are the main factors affecting AIL unqualified blood discarding.Therefore,ALT test and recent behavioral habits investigation should be strengthened before blood collection.