晶状体后囊膜连续环形撕除联合人工晶状体光学部夹持术治疗儿童白内障的初步临床观察

Preliminary clinical observations of the effect of posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with intraocular lens optic capture in the treatment of pediatric cataract

目的观察晶状体后囊膜连续环形撕除联合人工晶状体光学部夹持术治疗儿童白内障的临床效果。方法回顾性系列病例研究。选取2017年6月至2018年10月青岛眼科医院行晶状体后囊膜连续环形撕除联合人工晶状体光学部夹持术治疗的28例(43只眼)儿童白内障患者的临床资料。随访并观察患者术后最佳矫正视力、屈光度数、眼压、人工晶状体位置和手术相关并发症情况。患者术前、术后最佳矫正视力分布比较采用Fisher精确概率法。结果28例患者年龄(7±4)岁(2~12岁);男性14例,女性14例。全部患者人工晶状体光学部均成功夹持于晶状体后囊膜撕开区。术后随访6.0~12.0个月(平均8.4个月)。除1例(2只眼)患者无法配合检查视力外,其余27例(41只眼)中最佳矫正视力<0.1、0.1~<0.3、0.3~<0.5、≥0.5术前分别有17、17、4、3只眼,术后分别有4、4、5、28只眼,患者术前、术后最佳矫正视力分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后末次随访等效球镜度数为(0.21±0.74)D。3只眼术后1周出现药物相关性高眼压,停用糖皮质激素性眼药后随访眼压正常。随访过程中全部患者人工晶状体均稳定夹持于后囊膜撕开区。全部患者均未发现视轴区混浊,未见虹膜前、后粘连及继发性青光眼、视网膜脱离、黄斑囊样水肿等其他并发症。结论晶状体后囊膜连续环形撕除联合人工晶状体光学部夹持术治疗儿童白内障安全有效,可有效预防儿童白内障摘除手术后视轴区混浊的发生。

Objective To observe the preliminary clinical effect of intraocular lens optic capture through posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis in the treatment of pediatric cataract.Methods It was a retrospective case series study. Forty-three eyes of 28 children underwent posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with posterior chamber intraocular lens optic capture to treat cataract from June 2017 to October 2018 in Qingdao Eye Hospital. Postoperative best corrected visual acuity, diopters, intraocular pressure, the position of intraocular lens, and postoperative complications were assessed. The distribution of preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity was analyzed by Fisher′s exact probability test.Results Twenty-eight patients were 14 females and 14 males aged from 2 years old to 12 years old [mean age, (7±4) years]. All intraocular lenses were successfully captured in the posterior capsule. Patients were followed-up for 6.0 to 12.0 months (mean, 8.4 months). Except 2 eyes from one uncooperative child, the distribution of preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (<0.1, 0.1-<0.3, 0.3-<0.5, ≥0.5) had a significant difference (17, 17, 4, 3 eyes vs. 4, 4, 5, 28 eyes, P<0.01). At the last postoperative follow-up visit, the mean spherical equivalent was (0.21±0.74) D. Transient intraocular hypertension occurred in 3 eyes at 1 week after surgery and was controlled with stopping the use of corticosteroid eyedrops. No visual axis opacification or intraocular lens decentration or tilt was observed during the follow-up period. No other complications such as iris synechia, secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment, and cystoid macular edema were observed.Conclusions Posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with intraocular lens optic capture is a safe and effective technique to treat pediatric cataract. It has a significant effect on the prevention of visual axis opacification after cataract surgery in children.