豫东植棉区气象条件与棉花苗蚜发生趋势分析

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions and Occurrence Trend of Aphids in Cotton Planting Area in Eastern Henan Province

棉蚜为棉花主要害虫之一,为了棉农更好地防治蚜虫,根据气象条件合理安排施药时间。通过2018年和2019年对豫东植棉区棉花苗期发生情况的人工监测,并结合同期气象因子进行棉花苗蚜发生趋势分析。结果表明:气象变化对蚜虫种群数量影响明显,苗蚜达到峰值的气象条件为高温29℃~31℃,低温18.7℃~25.6℃,相对湿度59.5%~63%;37℃以上高温僵蚜大量出现,单日降水量超50 mm(或连续5日湿度大于75%)种群数量明显下降;不适宜气候条件下会大量产生有翅蚜来适应新环境,连续5天平均气温超过25℃种群繁殖受抑制;若蚜有始发、高峰、衰退期,并有世代重叠现象。

Cotton aphid was one of the main pests of cotton,in order to better understand the occurrence of aphid in the seedling stage for cotton farmers,the reasonable arrangement of the injection time according to the meteorological conditions.Through the monitoring of the occurrence of cotton seedling stage in eastern of Henan province in 2018 and 2019,and the occurrence trend of cotton aphid was analysed in the same stage.The results showed that the meteorological change had a significant effect on the number of aphids,the meteorological conditions for the peak of aphids were high temperature 29℃~31℃,low temperature 18.7℃~25.6℃,and relative humidity 59.5%~63%;There were a large number of stiff aphids with high temperature above 37℃,and the precipitation per day was over 50%mm(or more than 75%humidity for 5 consecutive days),the population number decreased significantly.If aphids had the onset,peak,decline period,and generation overlap phenomenon,it would produce a large number of winged aphids to adapt to the new environment under the current climate conditions.