考虑共享模式的市场机制下售电公司储能优化配置及投资效益分析

Optimal Sizing and Investment Benefit Analysis for Energy Storage of Electricity Retailers Under Market Mechanisms Considering Shared Mode

以售电公司购电成本最小为目标,提出了一种市场机制下基于全寿命周期理论的售电公司储能优化配置及投资效益分析方法。综合考虑了中长期合约市场、日前集中竞价市场、实时市场、可中断负荷以及储能设备等因素建立售电公司多时间尺度购电模型;建立储能的全寿命周期成本模型,采用一种追踪用户负荷波动和电价波动的充放电策略;运用等效循环寿命法计算储能运行寿命,以此为基础得出其投资回收周期,评估投资效果,得出市场机制下售电公司储能的容量配置方法与投资策略;运用共享经济理念提出多个售电公司共享储能的优化配置模型,并基于售电公司贡献度进行利益分配。算例分析首先对比了4种蓄电池的配置结果,验证了售电侧储能配置的可行性;分析了日前市场购电比例和电价波动幅度对储能配置的影响;最后对比了售电公司单独配置储能及多个售电公司共享储能的经济性。

With the goal of minimizing the cost of purchasing electricity, an optimal sizing and investment benefit analysis method for energy storage based on the life cycle theory is proposed. The multi-time scale power purchase model for the electricity retailers is established firstly considering factors including the medium and long-term market, the day-ahead market, the real-time market, the interruptible load and the energy storage equipment. Then the life-cycle cost model of energy storage is established adopting a charging and discharging strategy to track the fluctuation of the load and electricity price. Thirdly, the equivalent cycle life method is used to calculate the operation life of energy storage so as to get the investment recovery cycle. After this, the investment results are evaluated, and the sizing method and investment strategy for energy storage of electricity retailers under the market mechanisms are obtained. Last, with the concept of sharing economy, the optimal sizing model of energy storage shared by multiple electricity retailers is proposed, and the benefits are distributed based on the contribution of the electricity retailers. In the test cases, the sizing results of four battery are compared, which verifies the feasibility of energy storage allocation by retailers. Moreover, the impacts of the day-ahead market purchase ratio and the fluctuation range of electricity price on the energy storage sizing is analyzed. Finally, a comparison between the economic benefits of the individual energy storage invested by retailers and the shared energy storage by multiple retailers is investigated.