长链非编码RNA调节心脏疾病的作用与分子机制

The role and molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs in cardiac diseases

长链非编码RNA (long noncoding RNAs, lncRNAs)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸且不编码蛋白质的RNA分子。LncRNAs通过复杂多样的机制参与了细胞内几乎全部生物学过程的调控。它可以与细胞内的分子如蛋白质、RNA、DNA相结合,进而改变相应分子的功能,影响基因转录、蛋白翻译和分子转运等多个过程。近年的研究表明, lncRNAs也是心脏疾病的关键调控分子,参与调节心肌缺血、心律失常、心肌纤维化、心力衰竭等发生发展。本文主要探讨lncRNAs调节心脏疾病的作用与相关分子机制,并对未来的发展加以展望。

Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that are more than 200 nucleotides in length with no protein coding property. LncRNAs are involved in almost every cellular process through multiple mechanisms. LncRNAs can directly bind to molecules in cells such as proteins, RNA, and DNA, to regulate cellular functions by influencing processes including transcription, translation, and molecular transporting. Recent researches showed lncRNAs are key regulators of serious cardiac diseases, especially in development and progression of cardiac ischemia, arrhythmia, cardiac fibrosis, and heart failure. This article mainly summarizes the function and mechanism of lncRNAs in cardiac diseases and gives reasonable prospect of lncRNAs in the future.