慢性病预防性健康体检的投入产出分析

Input-output analysis on chronic diseases preventive health examination

目前,慢性病已成为影响我国经济社会发展的重大公共卫生问题。文献研究表明,死亡率较高的慢性病中,主要危险因素包括高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、代谢综合征、占位性病变、超重与肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、不合理膳食、体力活动不足、家族病史、相关病史等。其中,吸烟、运动、膳食、家族史、相关病史等信息可以通过一般问诊进行收集,血压、血糖、血脂等其他信息则需要通过相应的检验项目进行检查。因此,本文首先从影响我国城乡居民的重大健康问题入手,确定造成这些健康问题的主要危险因素及其对应的检查项目,然后对这些项目的投入产出进行测算。测算结果显示,慢性病预防性健康体检项目每投入1元钱,能大约节约11.72~14.27元的直接医疗费用。

At present,chronic diseases have become a major public health issue affecting China's economic and social development.Literature researches have shown that in chronic diseases with high mortality,the main risk factors include hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,metabolic syndrome,space-occupying lesions,overweight and obesity,smoking,alcohol consumption,unhealthy diet,insufficient physical activity,family medical history,related medical history and so on.Among them,smoking,exercise,diet,family history,related medical history and other information can be collected through general inquiry,and other information such as blood pressure,blood sugar level,blood lipids,etc.need to be tested through corresponding inspection items.Therefore,this article starts with the major health issues affecting urban and rural residents in China,identifies the major risk factors of those health problems and their corresponding physical examination items,and then estimates the economic input and output of these items.The calculation results indicated that for every1 RMB invested in preventive physical examination projects,it can save about 11.72 to 14.27RMB in direct medical expenses.