重新审视杜威教育思想的时代价值

A Re-examination of the Value of Dewey’s Educational Thought in Modern Times

杜威的教育思想,可主要概括为“教育即生活”的本体论、“学校即社会”的价值论、“从做中学”的认识论等。这些思想,曾经对中国教育发展产生了深远的影响,至今仍具有其时代价值。杜威教育思想启示我们今日之教育改革,仍要坚持“以儿童为中心”,教育要建立在儿童的经验和认知基础之上;学生要在“做”的过程中,感悟教学内容与社会实践的联系,“研究性学习”“研学旅行”等教育活动,是达成教育目标的良好渠道;学生应该在实践中养成健全的人格,从而适应社会对教育发展的需要,对学生成长的需要,促进其全面发展。

Dewey’s educational thought can be summarized as the ontological“school education being life”,the axiological“school being society”and the epistemological“learning by doing”.This thought once had a profound impact on the development of Chinese education,still has its values at present.It enlightens that today’s education reform should still“take the children as the center”,and make sure that education should be based on children’s experience and cognition,students should cognize the connection between the teaching content and social practice in doing,and take educational activities such as“research-based learning”,“research travel”as good channels to achieve educational goals.Students should develop a sound personality in practice to meet the needs of the society for the development of education,for the growth of students,and to promote their overall development.