济南市2012-2018年老年人口梅毒流行特征分析

Analysis on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Syphilis in the Elderly in Jinan from 2012 to 2018

目的了解济南市老年人口梅毒的流行特点和趋势,为制定有效的防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对济南市2012-2018年老年人群梅毒发病资料进行分析。结果济南市2012-2018年共报告老年梅毒病患者1 791例,年均发病率为23.44/10万,整体呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^2趋势=118.227,P<0.01);男女性别比为1.26∶1,男性年均发病率为27.67/10万,女性年均发病率为19.05/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=62.288,P<0.01);梅毒患者以隐性梅毒为主(78.67%),其次是Ⅰ期梅毒(12.23%)、Ⅱ期梅毒(7.71%)和Ⅲ期梅毒(1.40%);职业分布以离退休人员(43.44%)、农民(31.77%)和家务及待业人员(18.31%)为主;各区、县均有病例报告,天桥区报告病例数最多(313例),占17.48%。结论2012-2018年间济南市60岁及以上老年人群梅毒发病率呈增长趋势,男性发病率高于女性,梅毒患者以隐性梅毒为主,离退休人员居多,需加强对老年梅毒知识的宣传教育,重视对老年梅毒的检测,预防并控制梅毒的传播和蔓延。

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in the elderly in Jinan and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of syphilis.METHODS Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence data of syphilis in the elderly in Jinan from 2012 to 2018.RESULTS From 2012 to 2018,a total of 1791 cases of syphilis in the elderly were reported in Jinan,with an average annual incidence of 23.44/100000.The over⁃all incidence of syphilis in the elderly was on the rise,with a statistically significant difference(χtendency^2=118.227,P<0.01).The male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1,with an average annual incidence of 27.67/100000 in males and 190/100000 in females,indicating a statistically significant difference(χ^2=62.288,P<0.01).Most of the patients were latent syphilis(78.67%),followed by stageⅠsyphi⁃lis(12.23%),stageⅡsyphilis(7.71%)and stageⅢsyphilis(1.40%).The occupation of the patients was mainly composed of retirees(778 cases,43.44%),farmers(569 cases,31.77%)and household workers and the unemployed(328 cases,18.31%).Cases were report⁃ed in all districts and counties.Tianqiao District reported the most cases,with 313 cases accounting for 17.48%.CONCLUSION Dur⁃ing 2012-2018,the incidence of syphilis in the elderly aged 60 and above in Jinan city showed an upward tendency,with the inci⁃dence of syphilis in males higher than that in females.The majority of syphilis patients were latent syphilis,and most of them were re⁃tirees.Therefore,it was necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of syphilis knowledge in the elderly,attach importance to the detection of syphilis in the elderly,and control the transmission and spread of syphilis.