天津市社区老年人阿尔茨海默病知识水平及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Health Knowledge Level and Influencing Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease among Elderly People in Tianjin Communities

目的了解天津市社区老年人阿尔茨海默病(AD)知识水平并探讨其影响因素。方法 2019年4-7月选取天津市4个社区年龄60岁及以上的老年人369例,采用自行设计的信息问卷和中文版阿尔茨海默病知识量表(ADKS)开展横断面调查。结果社区老年人AD健康知识总体得分为(18.42±3.40)分,总体正确率为61.40%。ADKS正确率低于60.00%的知识维度分别为对生活的影响(59.00%)、评估和诊断(58.40%)、危险因素(57.90%)以及照料(56.30%)。影响老年人AD知识水平的影响因素为年龄(P<0.001)、是否曾因怀疑认知障碍或AD就诊(P=0.02)、是否接触过AD患者(P<0.001)以及是否看过AD相关宣传片/纪录片(P<0.001)。结论天津市社区老年人AD知识处于中等水平,应针对影响因素制定具有针对性的健康促进计划,促进健康老龄化的发展。

OBJECTIVE To describe the current knowledge level and influencing factors of Alzheimer Disease(AD)among elderly peo⁃ple in Tianjin community.METHODS Data were collected from 4 communities in Tianjin.A total of 369 people were investigated from April to July in 2019.Personal information questionnaire and Chinese version of Alzheimer’s disease Knowledge Scale(ADKS)were used in this study.RESULTS The total scores of ADKS were(18.42±3.40)and the accuracy rate was 61.40%.Health knowledge do⁃mains of the accuracy rate below 60.00%were the influence on life(59.0%),assessment and diagnosis(58.40%),risk factors(57.90%)and care(56.30%).The influencing factors of AD health knowledge level were age(P<0.001),the experience to see a doctor for sus⁃pected cognitive impairment or AD(P=0.02),know a people with AD(P<0.001),and the experience of looking at AD promotional vid⁃eos or documentaries(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The AD health knowledge level of the elderly community in Tianjin was moderate,but there was still a large space for improvement.Targeted health promotion plans should be adopted to promote the development of healthy aging.