《教育与职业》视域下民国农村教育的特征及启示

The Characteristics and Enlightenment of Rural Education in the Republic of China from the Perspective of Education and Occupation

民国时期,农村经济日益凋敝,诸多学者多方探寻拯救之路径。黄炎培于1917年在上海创刊《教育与职业》,一大批知识精英以此为平台,载之以文,对民国时期农村教育问题给予了广泛关注。《教育与职业》视域下的农村教育重视开展调查实验,主张教育同农民生计问题相统一,开展普及教育,重视培养农民的"自治"精神,使改进农村的主体归于农民自身。《教育与职业》不仅推动了民国时期农村建设,对当代农村教育及现代职业教育的发展也有着重要启示。

During the period of the Republic of China,the rural economy was withering day by day,and many scholars sought ways to save.Huang Yanpei launched Education and Occupation in Shanghai in 1917.A large number of knowledgeable elites used this as a platform and published.He paid extensive attention to rural education during the Republic of China.Rural education from the perspective of Education and Occupation attaches great importance to conducting investigations and experiments,advocating that education is unified with farmers'livelihood issues,carrying out universal education,and attaching importance to cultivating the spirit of"autonomy"of farmers,so that the main body of improving rural areas belongs to farmers themselves.While promoting rural construction during the Republic of China,it also has important implications for the development of contemporary rural education and modern vocational education.