《现代汉语词典》第7版词意识的得失研究——从“女”字条考察

Research on the Gain and Loss of Word Consciousness in the 7th Edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary:from the"Female"Note Investigation

从黎锦熙等开始,现代汉语词意识发展接近100年了。《现代汉语词典》第7版的“女”字条,按照意义发展脉络安排语素义项,并且给成词语素标注了词性。这种做法体现了从第5版以来对字条记录的语言单位的词和非词的区分,具有词意识,但是在举例过程中,仍然混淆了不成词语素和词,词意识仍然存在偏差,没有把正确的词意识贯穿始终。“女”在很多方言里可以做名词用,但是在普通话里不能单独做名词用,只能出现在“女儿”“男女”这样的复合名词里。

The word consciousness has been nearly 100 years since Li Jinxi et al.The word"female"note in the 7th edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary arranged morphemes in the context of the development of meaning and marked the parts of speech for the morphemes.This practice reflects the distinction between words and non-words in the language units recorded in the note since the 5th edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary,and it has word consciousness.However,in the process of giving examples,non-word moephemes and words are still confused,and word consiousness still has deviation,and the correct word consciousness is not carried throughout."Nü"(female)can be used as a noun in many dialects,but it cannot be used as a noun alone in Mandarin.It can only be used in compound nouns like"daughter"and"man and woman".