新疆不同地区柯尔克孜族成人容貌特征差异

Facial characteristics of Kirgiz adults in Xinjiang autonomous region

目的:探讨新疆不同地区柯尔克孜族成人头面部特征差异,为体质人类学的研究积累资料。方法:随机抽取居住在北疆(塔城地区)和南疆(克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州)头面部无畸形柯尔克孜族成人为研究对象,根据《人体测量方法》对上眼睑皱褶、颧部突出度、蒙古褶、鼻根高度等20项头面部指标进行观察与记录,获得有效样本1264例(其中南疆1046例,北疆218例)。所得数据录入SPSS 20.0软件包,进行频数分析、χ^2检验等统计学处理。结果:除鼻基底方向、鼻孔最大径位置、蒙古褶、眼裂高度和颏部5项指标出现率以外,其他15项头面部观察指标出现率均存在地区差异;鼻根高度、眉毛、眉弓粗壮度和前额发际4项指标出现率存在性别差异。结论:北疆柯尔克孜族成人与辽宁汉族、满族和黑龙江满族成人头面部特征相似。南疆柯尔克孜族与北疆柯尔克孜族头面部特征存在差异。

Objective:To investigate the differences in head and face observation indexes of the Kirgiz adults in Xinjiang,and to accumulate data for the study of physical anthropology.Methods:The healthy Kirgiz adults living in northern Xinjiang(Tacheng area)and southern Xinjiang(Kizilsu Kirghiz autonomous prefecture)were randomly selected as subjects.According to the"Anthropometric Methods",20 head and face indicators such as eyefold of upper eyelid,zygomatic projection,Mongoloid fold,and nasal root height were observed and recorded,and 1264 effective samples were obtained(including 1046 cases in southern Xinjiang and 218 cases in northern Xinjiang).The data obtained were entered into the SPSS 20.0 software package for statistical analysis such as frequency analysis and chi-square test.Results:Except for the nose base depanment,the maximal diameter of nostrils,the Mongoloid fold,the opening height of eyeslits and the chin index,there were regional differences in the other 15 head and face observation indexes;there were gender differences in the nasal root height,the eyebrow,the eyebrow arch stiffness and the forehead hair point.Conclusion:The Kirgiz adults of northern Xinjiang have facial features similar to those of Liaoning Han,Man,and Heilongjiang Man.There are differences in head and facial features between the Kirgiz people of southern Xinjiang and the Kir giz people of northern Xinjiang.