集中式地下水水源地环境风险评价方法研究及应用

Research and application of environmental risk evaluation method for centralized groundwater drinking water source area

随着经济的发展,城市不断扩张,很多水源地环境风险日益增加。现今,关于集中式地表水域或湖库型饮用水水源地环境风险评估的研究很多,但对集中式地下水源地环境风险评价研究较少。综合考虑潜在风险源、地下水水源地脆弱性和水源地环境风险防控与应急能力等方面建立了适用于地下水类型的集中式饮用水水源地环境风险评价指标体系和评价方法,并对沈阳市沈北新区7处地下水水源地进行评价。结果表明:潜在风险源和脆弱性分别作为外因和内因,是影响地下水水源地环境风险的主要因素;CLJPSC水源地(2.793)、YJ水源地(2.322)和HJ水源地(2.082)3处水源地为中等风险水源地,NCGSB水源地(1.969)、HJJSC水源地(1.790)、SMJT水源地(1.551)以及GGSYGLC水源地(1.464)为低环境风险水源地。

With the development of economy and the continuous expansion of cities,the environmental risks of many water sources are increasing day by day.Nowadays,there are many studies on the environmental risk evaluation of centralized surface water area or lake-reservoir drinking water source area,but few on centralized groundwater source area.Comprehensively considering the potential risk source,the vulnerability of groundwater source,the environmental risk prevention and controling and emergency response capability of water source,the environmental risk evaluation index system and evaluation method for centralized groundwater drinking water source area were established.It was applied in 7 groundwater sources in Shenbei New District,Shenyang city.The conclusions were as follows:the potential sources of risk and vulnerability were external and internal factors respectively,which were the main factors affecting the environmental risk of groundwater sources.The CLJPSC Water Source(2.793),YJ Water Source(2.322)and HJ Water Source(2.082)were the medium-risk water sources,and the remaining NCGSB water source(1.969),HJJSC water source(1.790),SMJT water source(1.551)and GGSYGLC Water Source(1.464)were at low environmental risk.