基于GIS的豫南山区可利用土地资源质量评价——以信阳市为例

Evaluation on available land resources quality in mountainous areas of southern Henan Province based on GIS:case of Xinyang City

利用GIS空间分析技术,以县域为评价对象,对河南省信阳市可利用土地资源的质量进行评价。结果表明:信阳市可利用土地资源质量等级分为5级,质量等级由西南向东北逐步提高。其中,一等地和二等地主要分布在地形平坦、土壤条件优越、河流分布广泛、人均可利用土地资源丰富的地区,包括淮滨县、固始县、潢川县、罗山县、平桥区、光山县;三等地和四等地的自然条件一般,区位条件是影响土地质量的主导因素,包括浉河区、新县、商城、罗山、息县;五等地所处区域海拔较高,坡度很大,交通不便利,人均可利用土地资源贫乏,包括新县、商城县。评价结果可以为豫南山区土地资源合理开发利用、农业结构调整和产业布局规划提供依据。

Taking Xinyang City in the mountainous area of southern Henan Province as an example,this paper uses GIS spatial analysis technology to evaluate its available land resources quality.The results show that:the available land resources quality of Xinyang City can be divided into five grades,and the quality grade tends to increase from southwest to northeast.The first-class and second-class land are mainly distributed in areas with flat topography,superior soil conditions,extensive river distribution,and abundant land resources for human beings,including Huaibin County,Gushi County,Huangchuan County,Luoshan County,Pingqiao District,Guangshan County.The natural conditions of third-class and fourth-class land are odinary,including Shihe District,Xinxian County,Shangcheng County,Luoshan County and Xixian County.Location is the dominant factor affecting third-class and fourth-class land quality.The fifth-class land is located in areas of high altitude,large slope and inconvenient transportation.The per capita land resources of fifth-class land are poor,including Xinxian County and Shangcheng County.The evaluation results can provide a basis for the rational development and utilization of land resources,agricultural structure adjustment and industrial layout in the mountainous areas of southern Henan Province.